The History of the Flume Gorge

The Flume Gorge is one of the many geological marvels in the Western White Mountains. The Franconia Notch region was shaped by the collision and movement of tectonic plates millions of years ago, which created the granite bedrock. The massive granite walls of the Flume Gorge formed due to fractures in the rock, with a basalt dike once filling the fissure. During the Ice Age, melting glaciers and ice sheets caused immense flows of water and debris to carve out the gorge. Basalt, being less resistant than granite, eroded quickly under these forces, leaving the granite walls exposed. Since then, Flume Brook has continued to flow through the gorge, gradually deepening and shaping this iconic natural feature over thousands of years.

The discovery of the Flume Gorge is historically credited to “Aunt” Jess Guernsey in 1808. While exploring near her homestead, she followed the sound of rushing water, hoping to find a good fishing spot. Instead, she stumbled upon the gorge, a breathtaking natural wonder that she shared with others. However, as with many natural landmarks in New England, the Abenaki people, Indigenous to New Hampshire, were almost certainly aware of the gorge long before European settlers and likely held it in high regard.

Over time, wooden boardwalks were constructed to allow visitors to explore the gorge safely, enhancing its accessibility. A late 1800s covered bridge spanning the Pemigewasset River near the upper portion of the attraction remains a testament to the area’s long-standing historical significance. After Franconia Notch State Park was established in 1928, the Flume Gorge became a key feature of the park, drawing visitors from around the world to experience its natural beauty. It is open from May to October and is a paid attraction. Pets are not allowed.